HCMC has 400 household businesses upgraded into firms

There have been 413 household businesses upgraded into firms in HCMC this year as the city has been trying to persuade household business owners to register as companies.

A report on the city’s economic performance showed January-May has seen 15,500 enterprises in the city receiving business registration certificates with total registered capital of VND193.8 trillion (about US$8.53 billion), up 10.4% and 54.2% respectively.

Meanwhile, fresh foreign direct investment approvals, including for mergers and acquisitions (M&A),in the first five months of 2017 in the city have shot up 46% against the same period last year to US$1.37 billion.

South Korea is the city’s biggest foreign investor with total investment pledges of US$95.11 million, 27.8% of the total, followed by Malaysia with US$45.07 million (13.2%), Singapore with US$39.91 million (11.7%) and Japan with US$38.9 million (11.4%).

The city government said that in the coming months, the city will continue fostering the startup ecosystem and support the upgrade of household businesses to companies.

The city looks to have 60,000 enterprises newly registered this year and the total number of firms in the city will rise to half a million by 2020. The total number of sactive firm here at the moment is around 300,000.

A recent report of the HCMC Tax Department showed the city has more than 36,472 household businesses eligible for upgrade to firms. The city expects 21,000 of them to become firms this year.

Once upgraded to firms, household businesses will have the opportunity to expand operations, promote brands, and gain easier access to bank loans and other benefits. In case of losses, they will be exempted from corporate income tax and can carry forward losses to the following years.

Source: The SaigonTimes

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Maritime Insurance: Complexity and Disputes

In the insurance sector, the insurance of goods transported by sea is much more complex and causes most disputes in the process of claim settlement.

Marine  insurance  is  the  insurance  operations  related  to  the  operation  of  the ship, the  human or the  goods are transported on the sea or the  insurance operation risks at sea, on land, in river relating to sea voyage

The import and export activities of Vietnam are growing strong in recent years. Therefore, the revenue from cargo insurance is growing well. Insured clients are companies export and import of goods, logistics companies, shipping companies, the investors and contractors of projects…

Risks for cargo insurance is not high, mainly are risks occurred during transportation.The  loss ratio of the market is quite low, which was 27% in 2012, 21.6% in 2013 were 21.6% (excluding the losses that are being resolved), with the causes mainly are deficiencies and damages in transportation process.

Understanding the principles of the compensation in maritime insurance will help us to limit the disputes.  When incident happen, insurance lawyers in shipping, transportation sector are always called in for advice and dispute resolution.

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Decree No. 30/2013/ND-CP on aviation business and operations

On Apr 8th, 2013, the Government issued Decree No. 30/2013/ND-CP on business air transport and general aviation operations to replace Decree 76/2007/ND-CP dated May 9th, 2007.

The new Decree regulates on conditions and procedures for granting business permits for air transport, general business aviation license for commercial purpose, registration certificate of general aviation operation for commercial purpose, the use of brand, franchise businesses in air transport business and air transport operation enterprises for commercial purposes.

According to this Decree, the age of the used aircraft imported into Vietnam is regulated as following:

a) For passenger aircraft: Not exceeding 10 years from the date of manufacture to the point of entry into Vietnam under the purchase contract, lease purchase contract; does not exceed 20 years from the date of manufacture to the expiry of the leasing contract; 25 years from the date of manufacture to the expiry of the lease contract for helicopters;

b) For cargo aircraft, postal parcels and business aviation for commercial purposes: Not exceeding 15 years from the date of manufacture to the point of entry into Vietnam under the purchase contract, lease purchase contract; not exceeding 25 years from the date of manufacture to the expiry of the lease contract;

c) The type of aircraft other than those specified above: Not exceeding 20 years from the date of manufacture to the point of entry into Vietnam under the purchase contract, lease purchase contract; does not exceed 30 years from the date of manufacture to the expiry of the lease contract.

In addition, the decree also provides for capital requirements:

1. Minimum capital requirement to establish and operate airline air transportation business:

a) Operation upto 10 aircrafts: 700 billion VND (or USD 25m) for airlines to do international air transport; 300 billion VND for airline operators in domestic air transportation;

b) Operation from 11 to 30 aircrafts: 1,000 billion VND for airlines to do international air transport; 600 billion VND for airline operators in domestic air transport ;

c) Operation from 30 aircrafts or more: 1,300 billion VND for airlines to do international air transport; 700 billion VND for airline operators in domestic air transport.

2. Minimum capital requirement for the establishment of the airline business for commercial purposes: 100 billion VND Vietnam.

This Decree shall be effective from the date of 06/01/2013.

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When Will Foreigner Need to Obtain Criminal Record?

In the process to grant the work permit for foreigner working in Vietnam, it is required the foreigner to have the criminal record in their dossier.

Foreigner applying for criminal record to obtain work permit in Vietnam is divided into 2 cases.

In the first case, foreigner who is in foreign country or in Vietnam less than 06 months has to apply for criminal record in foreign country. The laws of each country are not the same therefore the regulation on criminal record application is also different.

Also please note that the criminal record which is issued by another country, when using in Vietnam to apply for work permit, it must be translated, legalized and notarized in accordance with the law of Vietnam.

In the second case, foreigner temporarily residing continuously in Vietnam for 06 months or above can apply for criminal record in Vietnam. In Vietnam, the competent authority that granting the criminal record for foreigner is the Department of Justice of the province or city where foreigner is residing.

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Transfer of Investment Projects in Vietnam

What steps to be taken to transfer an Investment Project in Vietnam?

Under the current Law on Investment, investors are entitled to transfer part or all of the project to another investor when satisfied the specific conditions and conducting to procedure of project adjustment under the regulation of law.

The conditions of project transfer

• The project is not terminated in the cases as prescribed in Clause 1 Article 48 of Law on investment;
• Investment conditions applied to foreign investors are satisfied in case the foreign investor receives a project of investment in conditional business lines;
• Regulations of law on law, real estate trading is complied with if the project transfer is associated with transfer of land;
• Conditions in the Certificate of investment registration or relevant regulations of law are complied with.

Preparation of dossier

• A written request for permission for project adjustments;
• A report on the project’s progress up to the time of transfer;
• The project transfer contractor an other document with equivalent legal value;
• Copies of the ID card or passport (if the investor is an individual) or Certificate of Enterprise Registration or another document with equivalent legal value (if the investor is an organization);
• Copies of the Investment Registration Certificate or decision on investment guidelines (if any);
• Copies of the BCC contract (for BCC projects);
• Copies of one of the following documents of the transferee: financial statements of the last 02 years; commitment to provide financial support by the parent company, commitment to provide financial support by a financial institution, the guarantee of transferee’s financial capacity, documents describing the transferee’s financial capacity;

Order and procedure

• Investors submit the dossier at Department of Planning and Investment (or Management of Economic Zone or High-tech Zone);
• Within a period of 10 working days from the date of receipt the complete and valid dossier for an investment project operating under an investment license and not subject to decision of investment policy (or 28 working days from the date of receipt the complete and valid dossier for an investment project which is subject to investment decision of the provincial People's Committee; 47 working days from the date of receipt the complete and valid dossier for the investment project subject to the decision of the Prime Minister), the competent authorities consider and decide to adjust the investment registration certificate to the investor transferring the project.

Before transferring an investment project, investors need to evaluate the legal situation, apart from the financial, personnel, and other key issues of the project, which are subject of the transfer. Therefore, to ensure effective transfer, investors often engage law firms with highly qualified lawyers in Vietnam to conduct M&A legal due diligence related to the legal documentation of the owner, capital contribution of the shareholder or member, tangible assets (land use rights, plant and machinery, equipment, etc.) and invisible assets (including industrial property rights), licenses, contracts or transactions of great value, taxes and other legal risks such as litigation or disputes which could significantly impact the project..

The transfer of an investment project is an administrative procedure with a state agencies that is only smooth when the parties reached agreements. In fact, the transfer of the investment project’s timeline depends on the appraisal and evaluation process of the parties involved in the project.

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How to Oppose Applications for Registration of the Mark Protection in Vietnam?

Vietnam Law on Intellectual Property allows any third party to have right to denounces the opposition of trademark applications for registration which have identical or confusingly similar signs.

As from the date an application for registration of mark is published in the Official Gazette of Industrial Property up until prior to the date of issuance of a decision on grant of a protection title, the third party shall express the opposition to the competent State administrative body including explanations, argument and evidence the opinion. Such opinions must be made in writing and be accompanied by documents or must quote the source of information.

Opposition to trademark applications plays a great role for the protection of trademark owner that prevents counterfeiting, duplication, infringement and trademark registration in contravention of law.

Documents:

01 Power of attorney (as form)

Documents and evidences to prove the opposition bases.

(ANT Lawyers could consult client specifically and particularly about the evidences and documents).

Opposition procedures

After receiving a disapproval application for registration of mark, National Office Intellectual Property (NOIP) has a dispatch to answer the disapproval application within 10 working days from date received a dossier. NOIP also sends disapproval opinions to owners of application for registration of mark protection.

Owners of application for registration of mark protectionhas opinions about this disagreement and give proofs that the application for registration of mark protection is suitable with requirement of Intellectual Property law

NOIP is pursuant to argument, proof and regulation law of parties for agree or refuse to grant a protection title

Opposition dossier includes:

Disapproval declaration (02 copies following form)

Explanation documents for disagreement of protection title issue

Attachment proofs.

Power of attorney (if an application is filed through representative of owner’s mark)

Fee, charge vouchers relating disagreement following regulations in law.

Duration

There is no duration stipulation in Vietnamese law. As our usual, NOIP will take from 6 months to 9 months to examine.

Source: Antlawyers.vn

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Forms of Investment in Vietnam

Foreign investors when setting up business in Vietnam need to be advised by a law firm in Vietnam on forms of investment.

According to the Vietnam Law on Investment (2005), foreign investors can invest in Vietnam through direct investment and indirect investment.

The direct investment is when the investor invests its invested capital and participates in the management of the investment activities, includes:

– To establish economic organizations in the form of one hundred per cent (100%) capital of domestic investors or one hundred per cent (100%) capital of foreign investors.

– To establish joint venture economic organizations between domestic and foreign investors.

– To invest in the contractual forms of: BCC, BO, BTO, and BT.

– To invest in business development.

– To purchase shares or to contribute capital in order to participate in management of investment activities.

– To invest in the carrying out of a merger and acquisition of an enterprise.

– To carry out other forms of direct investment.

Foreign investor will be considered for acceptance by the competent authorities and be granted Investment Certificate.

Indirect investment means a form of investment whereby the investor contribute the capital but do not participate directly in the management of the investment activity, includes:

– Purchase of shareholding, shares, bonds and other valuable papers;

– Through securities investment funds;

– Through other intermediary financial institutions.

Types of enterprise for foreign investors to invest in Vietnam

a) Limited Liability Company

Limited Liability Company is a form of enterprise which is established by contributing of members.  A member shall be liable for the debts and other property obligations of the enterprise within the amount of capital that it has undertaken to contribute to the enterprise.

Limited liability companies are regulated by two types:

– One member Limited Liability Company is an enterprise owned by one organization or individual;

– Limited Liability Company with two or more members is an enterprise owned by organizations or individuals, in which the number of members shall not less than two members and not exceed fifty.

Organizational and management structure of Limited Liability Company normally comprise of a Member’s Council, General Director or Director.

b) Joint Stock Company

Joint Stock Company is an enterprise which has charter capital divided into equal portions called shares.   The minimum number of shareholders shall be three and there shall be no restriction on the maximum number.

Shareholders shall be liable for the debts and other property obligations of the enterprise only within the amount of capital contributed to the enterprise.

Joint Stock Companies may issue all types of securities to raise funds.  Founding shareholders must together register to subscribe at least twenty per cent (20%) of the number of ordinary shares which may be offered for sale.

The main difference between Joint Stock Company and Limited Liability Company is the Joint Stock Company can raise funds by offering shares or securities.  In addition, an enterprise tends to join the Stock exchanges or public company must be a Joint Stock Company.  Management system of Joint Stock Company is more complicated than Liability Company.

c) Partnership

A partnership is an enterprise which must be at least two members being co-owners of the company jointly conducting business under one common name.  In addition to unlimited liability partners, there may be limited liability partners.

Unlimited liability partners must be individuals who shall be liable for the obligations of the company to the extent of all of their assets.  Limited liability partners shall only be liable for the debts of the company to the extent of the amount of capital they have contributed to the company.

d) Representative Office of foreign trader

A foreign business entity or a foreign trader is allowed to establish Representative Office in Vietnam.

Representative office of a foreign business entity in Vietnam (referred as “Representative Office”) means a subsidiary unit of the foreign business entity, established in accordance with the law of Vietnam in order to survey markets and to undertake a number of commercial enhancement activities permitted by the law of Vietnam.

Representative Office will need to apply and obtain the establishment license; and have a seal bearing the name of the representative office.

Representative Office is not allowed to directly conduct profit making activities in Vietnam (i.e: the execution of contracts, direct payment or receipt of funds, sale or purchase of goods, or provision of services), but the representative Office is permitted to

• To operate strictly in accordance with the purposes, scope and duration stated in the license for establishment of such representative office;
• To rent offices and to lease or purchase the equipment and facilities necessary for the operation of the Representative Office;
• To recruit Vietnamese and foreign employees to work for the Representative Office in accordance with the law of Vietnam;
• To open accounts in foreign currency and in Vietnamese Dong sourced from foreign currency at banks which are licensed to operate in Vietnam, and to use such accounts solely for the operation of the Representative Office.

e) Branch of foreign trader

The Branch of a foreign business entity in Vietnam (referred as “The Branch”) means a subsidiary unit of the foreign business entity, established in accordance with the law of Vietnam in order to enter into contracts in Vietnam and conduct activities being the purchase and sale of goods and other commercial activities consistent with its license for establishment in accordance with the law of Vietnam and any international treaty to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a member.

The Branch will need to apply and obtain the establishment license; and have a seal bearing the name of the Branch.

The Branch is permitted to conduct activities being the purchase and sale of goods and other commercial activities consistent with its license for establishment in accordance with the law of Vietnam and any international treaty to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a member.

f) The investing measures by signing Contracts

Business co-operation contract (BCC) means the investment form signed between investors in order to co-operate in business and to share profits or products without creating a legal entity.

Build-operate-transfer contract (BOT) means the investment form signed by a competent State body and an investor in order to construct and operate commercially an infrastructure facility for a fixed duration; and, upon expiry of the duration, the investor shall, without compensation, transfer such facility to the State of Vietnam.

Build-transfer-operate contract (BTO) means the investment form signed by a competent State body and an investor in order to construct an infrastructure facility; and, upon completion of construction, the investor shall transfer the facility to the State of Vietnam and the Government shall grant the investor the right to operate commercially such facility for a fixed duration in order to recover the invested capital and gain profits.

Build-transfer contract (BT) means the investment form signed by a competent State body and an investor in order to construct an infrastructure facility; and, upon completion of construction, the investor shall transfer the facility to the State of Vietnam and the Government shall create conditions for the investor to implement another project in order to recover the invested capital and gain profits or to make a payment to the investor in accordance with an agreement in the BT contract.

Foreign investors may sign BOT, BT and BTO contracts with a competent State body to implement infrastructure construction projects in Vietnam. Typically, the contracts are for projects in the fields of transportation, electricity production, water supply, drainage and waste treatment.

The rights and obligations of the foreign investor will be regulated by the signed BOT, BT and BTO contract. The Government encourages both public- and private-sector investors to participate in BOT, BTO and BT in the following sectors:

(i) Construction, operation and management of brand-new infrastructure facilities; and

(ii) Renovation, expansion, modernization, operation and management of the existing infrastructure facilities such as:

• Roads, bridges, tunnels, and ferry landings;

• Railway bridges and railway tunnels;

• Airports, seaports and river ports;

• Clean water supply systems; sewage systems;

• Wastewater, waste collecting and handling systems;

• Power plants and power transmission lines;

• Infrastructure works of health service, education, training, career training, culture, sport and offices of State agencies; and

• Other projects as may be determined by the Prime Minister

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CPC Code – Foreign Investors Need to Know in Vietnam

Once a foreign investor wishes to invest in Vietnam, they not only need to be well-informed about investment environment, incentive, labor, State policies, but also need to know about CPC code. Each specific service is fixed with a provisional Central Product Classification (called CPC code) belonging to Central Product Classification of United Nations. In the Schedule of Service Commitment under WTO Commitment, all services which Vietnam commits to open market are listed with CPC code corresponding with international standard.

Investors could check business lines which they wish to invest against the Schedule of Service Commitment under WTO Commitment of Vietnam as well as specialty regulations under laws of Vietnam to define their business lines and consider its practicability.

If this business line was committed to open market with foreign investors, the investors could perform investment into Vietnam. For the business lines not yet committed, Vietnam has full rights on approval or refusal on permitting foreigner investors to carry out investment in Vietnam market. In special cases, Vietnam government could consider the issuance of investment license with the non-committed services based on scale, capital, and location of project, however, Vietnam has full rights to offer conditions that investors must meet before issuance of license, and still guarantee to comply basic principle of GATS (General Agreement on trade service).

Beside business lines, investors also need to pay attention to form and rate of commercial presence in Vietnam. Accordingly, except other regulations at each sector and sub-sector of the Schedule of Service Commitment, foreign company only sets up commercial presence in Vietnam under Joint Venture Company, wholly foreigner-owned company, business cooperation contract, representative office, branch office.

Our lawyers of foreign investment practice at ANT Lawyers, a law firm in Vietnam are available to advise and provide client with service and representation for setting up business in Vietnam.

In order to seek further advice or request service, please contact us at ant@antlawyers.vn or call + 84 912 817 823.

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How to Handle Rejection of International Trademark Registration In Vietnam By The NOIP?

Cancellation Against of Trademark in Vietnam

The procedure to register a trademark in Vietnam is carried out at the National Office of Intellectual Property of Vietnam (NOIP). The duration calculated from the full receipt of the dossier to the announcement is at least 12 months, or it can be expended from 16 months to 18 months.

However, in many cases, NOIP could send a notice on its intended refusal of the trademark application because of the following reasons:

• There are grounds to affirm that the subject matter stated in the application does not fully satisfy the conditions for protection;
• If there are more than one registration applied in the same time with full conditions to issue the protection title, but your application is not the first.

After receiving the refusal intention notice, applicants and all organizations and individuals have rights to reject the notice within 02 months, this duration can be extended one time, the extended time is 02 months.

If reasons in the notice are not correct and the applicant does not agree with the notice, within the given duration, the applicant could send written comment to NOIP, in which display the applicant’s comment, submit supplemental documents and proof to support.

After receiving the written comment, NOIP shall re-examine before issue the final decision.

The time limit for re-examination of applications is equal to two thirds of the time limit for examination; for complicated cases involving many circumstances which need to be verified or requiring expert opinions, that time limit may be prolonged but must not exceed the time limit for examination. Re – examination is only carried out one time.

However, in many cases, the applicant cannot display convincing arguments or reliable proofs, hat makes NOIP does not agree and keep their own intention to refuse issuing the protection titlet. Therefore, when receiving intention notice to refuse issuing protection titles, applicants should find legal advice from consultants who have experience in intellectual property.

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Granting Investment Registration Certificate in Vietnam

How to obtain an Investment Registration Certificate in Vietnam?

As Vietnam integrates further into the global supply chain, foreigners are more and more encouraged to invest in Vietnam in many areas for pursuing profit.  The foreign direct investment of the foreigners is required to be registered at Vietnam state authority to protect the rights of the investor.

According to the Law on Investment 2014, investment projects of foreign investors; projects of setting up a economic organization in which foreign investors holding 51% of charter capital or more or the majority of the general partners are foreigners in a partnership; projects of BCC contract between domestic investors and foreign investors or between domestic investors and economic organization which foreign investors holding 51% of charter capital or more or the majority of the general partners are foreigners shall need to conduct the procedure of applying investment registration certificate as regulations of law.

Preparation of dossier

• A written request for permission for execution of the investment project;
• A copy of the ID card or passport (if the investor is an individual); a copy of the Certificate of establishment or an equivalent paper that certifies the legal status of the investor (if the investor is an organization).
• An investment proposal that specifies: investor(s) in the project, investment objectives, investment scale, investment capital, method of capital rising, location and duration of investment, labor demand, requests for investment incentives, assessment of socio-economic effects of the project;
• Copies of any of the following documents: financial statements of the last two years of the investor; commitment of the parent company to provide financial support; commitment of a financial institutions to provide financial support; guarantee for investor’s financial capacity; description of investor’s financial capacity;
• Demand for land use; if the project does not use land allocated, leased out by the State, or is not permitted by the State to change land purposes, then a copy of the lease agreement or other documents certifying that the investor has the right to use the premises to execute the project shall be submitted;
• Explanation for application of technologies to the project which specifies: names of technologies, origins, technology process diagram, primary specifications, conditions of machinery, equipment and primary technological line;
• The business cooperation contract (BCC) (if the project is executed under a BCC).

Order and Procedure

• Investors submit the dossier at Department of Planning and Investment (or management of economic zones, high-tech zones);
• Within 15 working days from the date of receipt of a complete and valid dossier, the competent authority shall grant the investment registration certificate for investors.

In practice, the time duration would be lengthened due to the time for preparation of documents from investor, getting them notarized, legalized and authenticated before being accepted in Vietnam. The documents in foreign languages shall need to be translated into Vietnamese.  The actual time for processing paper at the State authority would also last longer in practice when the State authority evaluate the project plan of the investor to ensure that its investment purpose is achievable economically and in accordance to the regulations of Vietnam.  It is advised that the client engage professional law firm in Vietnam to assist with advisory and investment registration process.

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How to Apply for Birth Certificate for Newborn in Vietnam?

How to overcome challenges to apply for birth certificate in Vietnam?

For children of foreigner and Vietnamese born in Vietnam, the procedure to apply for birth certificate in Vietnam is carried out at the Vietnam’s provincial Department of Justice.

In today’s globalized world, it has become more common that people from different cultural backgrounds travel, and meet their spouse.  Their children were born with happiness however they would face difficulties when applying for birth certificate for the newborn in Vietnam.  For the parents, the difficulties of registering birth certificate in Vietnam could range from the choice of name, nationality, or whether or not the child is born out of wedlock.

When a child between a foreigner and a Vietnamese is born in Vietnam, according to the regulation on the registration and management of civil status, the Department of Justice will be the Vietnam government agency issuing the birth certificate.

In cases where parents choose foreign nationality for the child, they must obtain the agreement of the parents about the choice of nationality. The valid agreement of the parents about the choice of nationality shall be certified by the local authority.

After receiving a application dossier for birth certificate for newborn in Vietnam, civil status officials of the Department of Justice records in the birth registration and original birth certificate. The director of the Department of Justice shall sign and issue an original birth certificate for the newborn.  Copies of birth certificates are issued at the request of the applicant.

For children born out of wedlock, if the father is not identified, the information about the father in the birth registration book and birth certificate are left blank. When the father officially agrees to recognize father for a child, he has to carry out the procedure at the Vietnam’s provincial Department of Justice.  The birth certificate could also be revised to reflect the father’s details into the new birth certificate.  This birth certificate will be very important when the father applies foreign citizenship for the child.

The child can be named according to parental choice to be recorded on the birth certificate.

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